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Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 4, 663-671 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1359105307078173
© 2007 SAGE Publications

Limiting Exercise Options

Depending on a Proxy May Inhibit Exercise Self-management

Christopher A. Shields

Acadia University, Canada, chris.shields{at}acadiau.ca

Lawrence R. Brawley

University of Saskatchewan, Canada

We examined the influence of proxy-assistance on exercisers' social cognitions and behavior. Fifty-six fitness class participants reported preference for proxy-assistance and reacted to exercising in different contexts. A 2 (proxy-led vs self-managed exercise context) by 2 (preferred assistance) MANOVA revealed significant assistance by context interactions for self-regulatory efficacy (SRE) and difficulty. Regarding self-managed exercise, high-assistance individuals expressed lower SRE and higher difficulty. Chi-square analysis revealed that significantly fewer high-assistance participants chose self-managed exercise. A one-way MANOVA on preferred assistance indicated that high-assistance participants were less confident, satisfied and perceived their self-managed exercise as more difficult. Results support Bandura's theorizing that use of a proxy can limit SRE of those preferring the proxy's control of their behavior.

Key Words: difficulty • efficacy • exercise choices • proxy-agency


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