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Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 2, No. 4, 481-491 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/135910539700200405

Perception of the Combined Effects of Smoking and Alcohol on Cancer Risks in Never Smokers and Heavy Smokers

Daniele Hermand

Université de Nantes, France

Etienne Mullet

Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, France, chasseigne{at}univ-tours.fr

Sabine Lavieville

Université Charles-de-Gaulle, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France

The issue addressed in the study is: How do people perceive the combined effect of alcohol consumption and tobacco consumption on risks of cancer? The method used was an application of Information Integration Theory. Sixty-four participants of both sexes were asked to estimate the risk of cancer associated with a number of situations described by a tobacco-consumption level associated with an alcohol-consumption level. Participants were subsequently presented with a questionnaire concerning the way alcohol and tobacco consumption can cause cancer. Results showed that French adults apparently considered that indulging in only one of these two behaviours represents a maximum health risk. The two effects were seen to combine disjunctively which runs counter to current medical data. However, there was total contradiction between the participants’ answers to the questionnaire concerning their knowledge and the information integration task.

Key Words: alcohol • cancer • risk perception • tobacco


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