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Journal of Health Psychology
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The Social Relations–Physical Health Connection: A Comparison of Elderly Samples from the United States and Japan

Mary R. Janevic

Kristine J. Ajrouch

Alicia Merline

Hiroko Akiyama

Toni C. Antonucci

University of Michigan, USA

Cross-national comparison of the social relations–physical health association in the elderly can broaden our understanding of the implications of social relationships in this age group. Using representative cross-sectional samples of adults aged 60–93 years from metropolitan areas in the United States and Japan (n = 1005), we used analysis of variance to examine between-country differences in the association of illness with measures of network structure, social support, and negative relations. One significant between-country difference in this association was found: in Japan only, ill women reported more available financial help from their child than did non-ill women (p < .05). Ill women in both countries reported less sick care available from their spouse than did ill men (p < .05) and more negative relations with their child than did non-ill women (p < .05). These results suggest the primacy of gender, rather than cultural context, in shaping the association between social relations and health.

Key Words: aging • cross-cultural • gender differences • physical health • social support

Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 5, No. 4, 413-429 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/135910530000500402
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