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Faith-based and Secular Pathways to Hope and Optimism Subconstructs in Middle-aged and Older Cardiac Patients

Universities of Washington Health Science & University of Michigan Health System CAM Research Center amyai{at}u.washington.edu amyai{at}umich.edu

Christopher Peterson

University of Michigan Health System CAM Research Center & Universities of Michigan & Pennsylvania Departments of Psychology

Terrence N. Tice

University of Michigan Emeritus Professor of Philosophy

Steven F. Bolling

University of Michigan Health System Divisions of Cardiac Surgery & CAM Research Center

Harold G. Koenig

Duke University Medical Center, Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine

This study was designed to fill gaps in the new field of positive psychology. Using data from two sequential interviews, this study examined the effect of faith-based and secular pathways to hope and optimism among 226 middle-aged and older patients facing a major medical crisis—cardiac surgery. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that religious faith factors contributed to the agency component of hope and dispositional optimism indirectly through the use of prayer as a coping strategy. Other sociodemographically resourcable factors affected both the agency and pathway components of hope as well as dispositional optimism and dispositional pessimism directly or indirectly through their effects on emotional distress.

Key Words: aging • cardiac health • hope • optimism • prayer coping • religious faith

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