http://hpq.sagepub.com Journal of Health Psychology RSS feed -- current issue October 2008 Journal of Health Psychology 1359-1053 http://hpq.sagepub.com:80/icons/banner/title.gif http://hpq.sagepub.com http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/847?rss=1 In a study among Hungarian physicians (N = 420), we tested the hypothesis that compared to men female physicians experience higher work—family conflict (WFC) and consequent burnout. As predicted, female physicians scored significantly higher on the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and significantly more female physicians experienced high levels of emotional exhaustion compared to male physicians. WFC emerged as a significant predictor of burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). These findings suggest a potential path from WFC to burnout in a scarcely researched population of physicians in a unique cultural setting and provide further data for cross-cultural burnout research.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095055 7 13 856 2008-10-01 847 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/857?rss=1 Elders with chronic medical conditions are vulnerable to depression. Mainstream interventions for treating their depression is however far from satisfactory which stimulates the interests of researchers to look for alternative therapies to alleviate geriatric depression. Qigong, a Chinese mindful exercise, is demonstrated to have anti-depressive effects. Results of our earlier studies shed light on the psychological mechanism underlying this effect. The neurobiological mechanism remains unclear. This article attempts to review extant evidence and suggests possible neurobiological pathways of the anti-depressive effect of qigong based on the neurotransmitter, neuroendocrine, and neurotropic perspectives. Further research to consolidate its scientific base is suggested.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095057 7 13 863 2008-10-01 857 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/864?rss=1 The impact of having genital herpes and genital human papilloma virus (HPV) on individuals and their relationships was investigated. A qualitative research methodology explored the lived experiences of 30 adults with genital herpes (15 men, 15 women), and 30 adults with HPV (15 men, 15 women). This study addressed individuals' feelings about the impact of stigma associated with having an STI, the impact of having an STI on sexuality and on intimate relationships, and feelings surrounding the process of disclosure. Implications of the findings for research and clinical practice are discussed.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095058 7 13 869 2008-10-01 864 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/870?rss=1 Our understanding of health attitudes and behaviors often relies on national surveys. This study examined how the composition of the Health Information National Trends Survey was influenced by participation incentives. Younger respondents who had had cancer were the least likely to report that a lack of incentive would dissuade them from participating. The group receiving no incentive had the smallest proportion of individuals with cancer. However, there was no relationship between incentive group and family history of cancer, age, or income. Overall, incentives appear to be a sensible way to motivate survey participation.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095059 7 13 873 2008-10-01 870 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/874?rss=1 Social capital is widely considered to influence health. It is usually defined as a list of components such as social networks, social participation, trust and reciprocity. It is trust and reciprocity that are the subjects of this article. The presumed relationship of each with health is rarely explained in social capital studies. Trust is usually treated simplistically, both conceptually and in relation to measurement, while reciprocity is misunderstood, under-theorized and rarely measured. Pathways from trust and reciprocity to better health may be by way of reduced stress. Clarification and valid measures are needed to progress studies of social capital and health.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095060 7 13 883 2008-10-01 874 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/884?rss=1 Self-esteem has been demonstrated to predict health and well-being in a number of samples and domains using retrospective reports, but little is known about the effect of self-esteem in daily life. A community sample with asthma (n = 97) or rheumatoid arthritis (n = 31) completed a self-esteem measure and collected Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data 5x/day for one week using a palmtop computer. Low self-esteem predicted more negative affect, less positive affect, greater stress severity, and greater symptom severity in daily life. Naturalistic exploration of mechanisms relating self-esteem to physiological and/or psychological components in illness may clarify causal relationships and inform theoretical models of self-care, well-being, and disease management.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095062 7 13 894 2008-10-01 884 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/895?rss=1 Outcome measurement in clinical genetics is problematic because the patient benefits are difficult to measure. The aim in this qualitative grounded theory study was to develop a theoretical framework describing the patient benefits from using clinical genetics services. Seven focus groups and 19 interviews were conducted with patients, patient group representatives, and health professionals. Data analysis resulted in construction of a model of empowerment summarizing the patient benefits from using clinical genetics services. Empowerment is similar to the concept of perceived personal control (PPC), and a measure of PPC has been developed for use in evaluations of clinical genetics services. However, empowerment includes some benefits not captured by PPC related to empowerment of other at risk relatives, and future generations.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095063 7 13 905 2008-10-01 895 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/906?rss=1 Despite a growth of Internet-delivered interventions, exposure rates to such interventions are still low. In total, 35,104 adolescents participated in the E-MOVO project: an Internet-delivered lifestyle intervention aimed at multiple health behaviours. By means of multilevel analyses, we demonstrated the relationship between intention to change behaviour and adolescents' exposure to E-MOVO's functionalities. There was a clustering of intention to change risk taking behaviours in an unhealthy way and energy balance-related behaviours in a healthy way. This should be taken into account with the design of Internet-delivered interventions.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095064 7 13 911 2008-10-01 906 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/912?rss=1 This study aimed to investigate the effects of preferred music listening on anxiety and pain perception in patients undergoing haemodialysis. A two group experimental design was used. Sixty people diagnosed with end stage renal failure undergoing haemodialysis treatment participated in this study. Preferred music listening was applied as an intervention. Anxiety and pain were measured pre-test and post-test. The control group scored significantly higher in state anxiety than the experimental group and experienced significantly higher pain intensity in post-test phase. Findings provide experimental evidence to support the effectiveness of preferred music listening in medical settings.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095065 7 13 920 2008-10-01 912 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/921?rss=1 The current study sought to add to the stress and coping literature by examining whether coping responses are elicited from a diagnosis of chlamydia or gonorrhea and, if so, whether active or passive coping responses are associated with particular psychological factors and prevention behaviors. Data from 259 urban, minority participants recently diagnosed with chlamydia or gonorrhea were analyzed. Results indicated that denial was associated with having more baseline depressive symptoms and with having more one-time partners at follow-up. Problem-focused coping was associated with more consistent condom use at follow-up. Important sex and ethnicity differences were found. Intervention implications are discussed.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095066 7 13 929 2008-10-01 921 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/930?rss=1 Research suggests communicating too much about one's self within an online support group may amplify breast cancer patients' focus on their own problems and exacerbate negative emotions while focusing on others may have the opposite effects. This study explored how pronoun usage within an online support group was associated with subsequent mental health outcomes. There were 286 patients recruited into the study who filled out the pre-test and 231 completed post-tests four months later with survey measures including breast cancer-related concerns and negative emotions. Messages were analyzed using a program counting first person and relational pronouns. A positive relationship was found between use of first person pronouns and negative emotions.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095067 7 13 939 2008-10-01 930 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/940?rss=1 In this study, the relation between peer crowd identification and indoor tanning behavioral tendencies was examined. Participants were 174 undergraduate students at a large university in the USA. Results indicated peer crowd identification was significantly associated with indoor artificial UV tanning behavioral tendencies (attitudes, normative beliefs, past year use and intentions) independent of gender and skin type. Participants who identified with the popular peer crowd were at the greatest risk for indoor tanning UV exposure while identification with the brain crowd was protective against such behavior. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for future skin cancer intervention efforts.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095068 7 13 945 2008-10-01 940 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/946?rss=1 Few studies have examined the predictors of breast self-examination in younger women, where it is the primary method for the early detection of breast cancer. Female college students (N = 253, aged 17 to 50 years) completed items related to breast self-examination assessing theory of planned behaviour (TPB) constructs (intentions, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control), social influence variables of self-identity and group norm, and demographic characteristics. One month later, breast self-examination behaviour was assessed. Results supported this application of the TPB model and highlight the importance of group norms for strategies to increase breast self-examination in younger women.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095069 7 13 955 2008-10-01 946 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/13/7/956?rss=1 The objective of the study was to determine sufferers' views of outpatient treatment for eating disorders and provide practical recommendations for treatment practice. Twenty NHS outpatients participated in semi-structured interviews, which were subjected to thematic analysis. Respondents expressed ambivalence about whether their eating disorder is a way of exerting control or a disorder that controls them and this leads to them seeking treatment. Sufferers preferred a practical and sensitive approach and began to rely on treatment for recovery. Treatment needs to facilitate sufferers' need for control by striking a balance between practical and empathetic approaches that both involve patients in treatment decisions and give authoritative guidance.

]]> 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308095070 7 13 960 2008-10-01 956 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/961?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/1359105308097974 7 13 963 2008-10-01 961 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/964?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/13591053080130071502 7 13 964 2008-10-01 964 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/964-a?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/13591053080130071503 7 13 966 2008-10-01 964 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/966?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/13591053080130071504 7 13 967 2008-10-01 966 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/968?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/13591053080130071505 7 13 969 2008-10-01 968 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/969?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/13591053080130071506 7 13 971 2008-10-01 969 Article http://hpq.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/13/7/971?rss=1 2008-09-22 info:doi/10.1177/13591053080130071507 7 13 972 2008-10-01 971 Article